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ARTICLE
IMMUNO-NANOMEDICINE AND THERANOSTIC PLATFORMS IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY, AUTOIMMUNE, CARDIOVASCULAR, AND ONCOLOGIC DISEASES: MECHANISTIC FOUNDATIONS, TRANSLATIONAL PATHWAYS, AND PRECISION MEDICINE IMPLICATIONS
Issue Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): Volume 03 Issue 1 --- Section Articles
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Abstract
The convergence of nanotechnology with immunology and molecular medicine has profoundly transformed contemporary biomedical research, offering innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for complex diseases characterized by chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and malignancy. Nanomedicine has emerged as a versatile platform capable of integrating targeted drug delivery, immune modulation, and multimodal imaging into unified theranostic systems. This research article presents an extensive theoretical and integrative analysis of nanomedicine-driven immunomodulation and theranostics, with particular emphasis on autoimmune disorders, chronic inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular pathologies, and cancer. Drawing strictly from the provided references, the article synthesizes evidence on nanoparticle–immune cell interactions, mechanisms governing macrophage and dendritic cell uptake, mast cell involvement in inflammatory mucosal diseases, and the application of polymeric, metallic, and protein-based nanostructures in diagnosis and therapy.
The article explores how nanoparticle physicochemical properties influence immune recognition, endocytosis, and downstream biological responses, thereby shaping therapeutic outcomes. Special attention is given to nanoparticle-based strategies for inducing immune tolerance in autoimmune diseases, modulating pathological fibrosis in connective tissue disorders, and enhancing tumor imaging and radiotherapy efficacy. The role of theranostic nanoparticles in bridging diagnostics and therapeutics is critically examined, highlighting advances in multimodality imaging, targeted drug delivery, and real-time monitoring of treatment response. Furthermore, the implications of sex-specific vascular biology, genetic variability, and extracellular matrix remodeling are discussed in the context of personalized nanomedicine.
Through an in-depth methodological and conceptual discussion, this article identifies key translational challenges, including biocompatibility, immune toxicity, scalability, and regulatory hurdles, while proposing future research directions aimed at clinical integration. By offering a comprehensive and theory-driven narrative, this work contributes to a deeper understanding of how nanomedicine can redefine disease management paradigms across immunological, oncological, and cardiovascular domains.
Keywords
References
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