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ARTICLE
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING MEDICATION ADHERENCE AMONG PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN THE EAST KOLAKA REGENCY
Issue Vol. 1 No. 01 (2024): Volume 01 Issue 01 --- Section Articles
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Abstract
Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with treatment success heavily dependent on patient adherence to a long-term medication regimen. Non-adherence contributes to treatment failure, the emergence of drug-resistant strains, and continued community transmission. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with medication adherence among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the East Kolaka Regency.
Methods: This research employed an analytical survey method with a cross-sectional design. The study was conducted in six working areas of the East Kolaka Regency Health Service. The population consisted of all 59 registered pulmonary TB patients undergoing treatment. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire measuring medication adherence and several independent variables, including knowledge, family support, role of health workers, stigma, access to health services, income, and medical costs. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate (Chi-Square test), and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: A majority of patients (69.5%) exhibited low adherence. Bivariate analysis indicated statistically significant relationships between adherence and knowledge (p=0.004), family support (p<0.001), stigma (p=0.008), access to health facilities (p<0.001), income (p=0.002), and medical costs (p=0.003). The role of health workers was not significant (p=0.325). Multivariate analysis identified difficult access to health facilities (OR=22.818) and less family support (OR=18.452) as the most dominant predictors of non-adherence.
Discussion: The findings underscore the multifactorial nature of medication adherence in TB treatment. The dominant influence of structural barriers, such as difficult access to healthcare, and psychosocial factors, like inadequate family support, indicates that adherence is not merely an issue of individual responsibility. The study concludes that improving medication adherence in East Kolaka requires a multi-pronged approach that addresses patient education, strengthens family and community support systems, actively works to reduce disease-related stigma, and mitigates structural and economic barriers.
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